Mastering Java: Deep Dive into Object-Oriented Programming

Java

Welcome back to our Java series! In the previous article, we introduced the basics of Java and wrote our first “Hello, World!” program. Now, let’s take a deeper dive into Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java. This article will cover the fundamental concepts of OOP: classes and objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.

1. Classes and Objects

Classes and Objects are the core of Java’s OOP paradigm.

• Class: A blueprint for creating objects (a particular data structure).
• Object: An instance of a class.

Defining a Class:

public class Car {
    // Fields (attributes)
    String color;
    String model;
    int year;

    // Constructor
    public Car(String color, String model, int year) {
        this.color = color;
        this.model = model;
        this.year = year;
    }

    // Methods (behaviors)
    public void displayDetails() {
        System.out.println("Model: " + model + ", Color: " + color + ", Year: " + year);
    }
}

Creating an Object:

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Creating an object of the Car class
        Car myCar = new Car("Red", "Toyota", 2020)…