Understanding Python Classes and Objects: A Beginner’s Guide

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that uses objects and classes to structure code in a way that is easy to manage and scale. Python, an object-oriented language, allows you to create and work with classes and objects. This guide will introduce you to the basics of OOP in Python, including how to define classes, create objects, and use methods and attributes.

What Are Classes and Objects?

• Class: A blueprint for creating objects. It defines a set of attributes and methods that the created objects will have.
• Object: An instance of a class. It contains data (attributes) and functions (methods) that operate on the data.

Defining a Class

In Python, you define a class using the class keyword. A class typically contains attributes (variables) and methods (functions) that define the behavior of the objects created from the class.

Syntax:

class ClassName:
    # Class attributes and methods

Example:

class Dog:
    # Class attribute
    species = "Canis familiaris"
    
    # Initializer / Instance attributes
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age…